Overview
This tachi (a single-edged long sword worn edge-downward) was crafted by Nagamitsu, a master artisan and representative of the Bizen Nagafune school. It is widely known by the name “Tōtōmi Nagamitsu.” This piece holds immense historical significance, having been gifted during the wedding ceremony of Chiroy-hime (the third princess of the Tokugawa clan) from Shogun Iemitsu to Kōmyū, the second lord of the Owari Tokugawa family. It is currently housed at the Tokugawa Art Museum.
Historical Background
Nagamitsu was the second generation master artisan and son of Mitsutada, who founded the Nagafune school based in Bizen Province (modern Okayama Prefecture). He flourished during the late Kamakura Period, a time when Japanese swords reached their peak status, valued not only as weapons but also as fine works of art.
The nickname “Tōtōmi” refers to Ina Tōtōmi no Tadakazu, a retainer of the Tokugawa clan who previously owned the sword. After Tadakazu passed away in 1633 (Kan’ei 10), the blade was presented as an heirloom to Shogun Iemitsu. Later, in 1639 (Kan’ei 16), it passed to the Owari family when Chiroy-hime—Iemitsu’s eldest daughter—married Kōmyū of the Owari Tokugawa family, serving as a wedding gift. During the Edo Period, the sword was recorded in Kyōhō Bamotsuchō, a famous catalog of swords, where it received the highest praise as one of Nagamitsu’s representative works.
Features and Appeal
- Nagamitsu’s Masterpiece: The blade condenses the characteristic beauty of Bizen swords. Among Nagamitsu’s many works, this piece is considered a highlight due to its imposing presence.
- Exquisite Blade Pattern (Hamon): It features a rich and varied pattern that combines Chōji Midare (a type of wavy pattern) with Kawazukochōji, giving it a vibrant appearance.
- Noble Form: The sword retains the classic form of a Kamakura Period tachi, balancing powerful strength with elegant grace. Its wide body and moderate curve demonstrate an extremely high degree of craftsmanship as an artifact.
- Historical Significance: The history—being gifted through the important ritual of a royal wedding, from the Shogun’s family to the Owari branch—further elevates its cultural value.
Source: Excerpted from the National Designated Cultural Properties Database (https://kunishitei.bunka.go.jp/bsys/index)